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  4. Recombinant Human G/T mismatch-specific thymine DNA glycosylase (TDG)

Recombinant Human G/T mismatch-specific thymine DNA glycosylase (TDG)

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  • 中文名稱：
    人TDG重組蛋白
  • 貨號：
    CSB-EP623816HU
  • 規(guī)格：
    ￥1836
  • 圖片：
    • (Tris-Glycine gel) Discontinuous SDS-PAGE (reduced) with 5% enrichment gel and 15% separation gel.
  • 其他：

產(chǎn)品詳情

  • 純度：
    Greater than 90% as determined by SDS-PAGE.
  • 基因名：
  • Uniprot No.：
  • 種屬：
    Homo sapiens (Human)
  • 蛋白長度：
    Full Length
  • 來源：
    E.coli
  • 分子量：
    52.1 kDa
  • 表達區(qū)域：
    1-410aa
  • 氨基酸序列
    MEAENAGSYSLQQAQAFYTFPFQQLMAEAPNMAVVNEQQMPEEVPAPAPAQEPVQEAPKGRKRKPRTTEPKQPVEPKKPVESKKSGKSAKSKEKQEKITDTFKVKRKVDRFNGVSEAELLTKTLPDILTFNLDIVIIGINPGLMAAYKGHHYPGPGNHFWKCLFMSGLSEVQLNHMDDHTLPGKYGIGFTNMVERTTPGSKDLSSKEFREGGRILVQKLQKYQPRIAVFNGKCIYEIFSKEVFGVKVKNLEFGLQPHKIPDTETLCYVMPSSSARCAQFPRAQDKVHYYIKLKDLRDQLKGIERNMDVQEVQYTFDLQLAQEDAKKMAVKEEKYDPGYEAAYGGAYGENPCSSEPCGFSSNGLIESVELRGESAFSGIPNGQWMTQSFTDQIPSFSNHCGTQEQEEESHA
    Note: The complete sequence may include tag sequence, target protein sequence, linker sequence and extra sequence that is translated with the protein sequence for the purpose(s) of secretion, stability, solubility, etc.
    If the exact amino acid sequence of this recombinant protein is critical to your application, please explicitly request the full and complete sequence of this protein before ordering.
  • 蛋白標(biāo)簽：
    N-terminal 10xHis-tagged
  • 產(chǎn)品提供形式：
    Liquid or Lyophilized powder
    Note: We will preferentially ship the format that we have in stock, however, if you have any special requirement for the format, please remark your requirement when placing the order, we will prepare according to your demand.
  • 緩沖液：
    If the delivery form is liquid, the default storage buffer is Tris/PBS-based buffer, 5%-50% glycerol. If the delivery form is lyophilized powder, the buffer before lyophilization is Tris/PBS-based buffer, 6% Trehalose.
  • 復(fù)溶：
    We recommend that this vial be briefly centrifuged prior to opening to bring the contents to the bottom. Please reconstitute protein in deionized sterile water to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/mL.We recommend to add 5-50% of glycerol (final concentration) and aliquot for long-term storage at -20℃/-80℃. Our default final concentration of glycerol is 50%. Customers could use it as reference.
  • 儲存條件：
    Store at -20°C/-80°C upon receipt, aliquoting is necessary for mutiple use. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
  • 保質(zhì)期：
    The shelf life is related to many factors, storage state, buffer ingredients, storage temperature and the stability of the protein itself.
    Generally, the shelf life of liquid form is 6 months at -20°C/-80°C. The shelf life of lyophilized form is 12 months at -20°C/-80°C.
  • 貨期：
    3-7 business days
  • 注意事項：
    Repeated freezing and thawing is not recommended. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week.
  • Datasheet & COA：
    Please contact us to get it.

產(chǎn)品評價

靶點詳情

  • 功能：
    DNA glycosylase that plays a key role in active DNA demethylation: specifically recognizes and binds 5-formylcytosine (5fC) and 5-carboxylcytosine (5caC) in the context of CpG sites and mediates their excision through base-excision repair (BER) to install an unmethylated cytosine. Cannot remove 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC). According to an alternative model, involved in DNA demethylation by mediating DNA glycolase activity toward 5-hydroxymethyluracil (5hmU) produced by deamination of 5hmC. Also involved in DNA repair by acting as a thymine-DNA glycosylase that mediates correction of G/T mispairs to G/C pairs: in the DNA of higher eukaryotes, hydrolytic deamination of 5-methylcytosine to thymine leads to the formation of G/T mismatches. Its role in the repair of canonical base damage is however minor compared to its role in DNA demethylation. It is capable of hydrolyzing the carbon-nitrogen bond between the sugar-phosphate backbone of the DNA and a mispaired thymine. In addition to the G/T, it can remove thymine also from C/T and T/T mispairs in the order G/T >> C/T > T/T. It has no detectable activity on apyrimidinic sites and does not catalyze the removal of thymine from A/T pairs or from single-stranded DNA. It can also remove uracil and 5-bromouracil from mispairs with guanine.
  • 基因功能參考文獻：
    1. TET2- and TDG-mediated changes are required for the acquisition of distinct histone modifications in divergent terminal differentiation of myeloid cells. PMID: 28973458
    2. Results indicate how Thymine DNA glycosylase (TDG) employs an adaptable active site to excise a broad variety of nucleobases from DNA. PMID: 27805810
    3. Results indicate the presence of base excision repair -dependent and base excision repair-independent functions of TDG, which are involved in regulation of cellular DNA damage responses and gene expression patterns. PMID: 28318075
    4. findings indicate that sumoylation and SUMO binding are not essential for TDG-mediated excision and repair of 5-carboxylcytosine bases. PMID: 26917720
    5. Data show that Ras protein regulates inhibitor of growth protein 4 (ING4)-thymine-DNA glycosylase (TDG)-Fas protein axis to promote apoptosis resistance in pancreatic cancer. PMID: 26544625
    6. A long TA repeat in the promoter region of IL28B was associated with spontaneous HCV clearance. PMID: 25735432
    7. NEIL1 and NEIL2 cooperate with TDG during base excision: TDG occupies the abasic site and is displaced by NEILs, which further process the baseless sugar, thereby stimulating TDG-substrate turnover. PMID: 26751644
    8. Computational modeling study investigated the glycosidic bond cleavage reaction in human thymine DNA glycosylase PMID: 26320595
    9. levels of TET3 and TDG mRNAs were independent prognostic factors for early breast cancer patients who received anthracycline chemotherapy PMID: 26207381
    10. TDG releases the excised base from its tight product complex with abasic DNA, contrary to previous reports. Moreover, DNA-free TDG exhibits no significant binding to free nucleobases (uracil, thymine, 5-hydroxymethyluracil) PMID: 26358812
    11. these results suggest that individuals harboring the G199S in Thymine DNA glycosylase variant may have increased risk for developing cancer. PMID: 25375110
    12. Data indicate that both thymine-DNA glycosylase (hTDG) and a second glycosylase, hOGG1, recognized structurally different 8-oxoguanine lesions. PMID: 25712093
    13. TDG, as a new coactivator, promotes beta-catenin/TCFs transactivation and functionally cooperates with CBP in canonical Wnt signaling. PMID: 24748645
    14. CRL4(Cdt2)-dependent degradation of TDG occurs in S phase because of the requirement for TDG to interact with chromatin-loaded PCNA, and this degradation is important for preventing toxicity from excess TDG. PMID: 24962565
    15. Results show TARID binds to the TCF21 promoter and recruits GADD45A and TDG to direct base excision repair for demethylation. PMID: 25087872
    16. Whereas sumoylation substantially weakens TDG binding to DNA, TDG approximately SUMO-1 still binds relatively tightly to AP-DNA (Kd approximately 50 nM). PMID: 24753249
    17. these findings provide insights into the in vivo dynamics of TDG SUMOylation and further clarify the TDG-RNF4 interaction. PMID: 24727457
    18. Thymine DNA glycosylase is a positive regulator of Wnt signaling in colorectal cancer PMID: 24532795
    19. provide evidence for the existence of a functional ternary complex containing TDG, CBP and activated RARalpha PMID: 24394593
    20. SIRT1 affects DNA repair through binding to thymine DNA glycosylase (TDG), stimulating TDG glycosylase activity, maintaining TDG in a hypoacetylated state, and regulating TDG expression PMID: 23952905
    21. Results imply that 5-carboxylcytosine (5caC) can adopt alternative conformations (either N157-interacting or N230-interacting) in the thymine DNA glycosylase active site to interact with either of the two asparagine side chain for 5caC excision. PMID: 23680598
    22. TDG 3'untranslated region (UTR) contains two miR-29 binding sites; the miR-29 mimic decreases TDG mRNA by 40%, while miR-29 inhibitor increases TDG mRNA by 43.7% in human vascular smooth muscle cell cultures. PMID: 23820384
    23. Human thymine-DNA glycosylase is able to excise 8oxoA in 8oxoA*T pairs. PMID: 23209024
    24. A structural study of catalysis by the thymine DNA glycosylase catalytic domain. PMID: 22962365
    25. genetic variants in TDG, important not only in base excision repair but also in regulating the epigenome and gene expression, which may contribute to the non-melanoma skin cancer associated increase in overall cancer risk. PMID: 22581838
    26. We solved a crystal structure of TDG (catalytic domain) bound to a substrate analog and characterized active-site residues by mutagenesis, kinetics, and molecular dynamics simulations. PMID: 22573813
    27. 5-carboxylcytosine is specifically recognized in the active site of thymine DNA glycosylase PMID: 22327402
    28. Thymine DNA glycosylase can rapidly excise 5-formylcytosine and 5-carboxylcytosine: potential implications for active demethylation of CpG sites. PMID: 21862836
    29. DNMT3L exerts a major effect on the transcriptional regulation of a specific target gene, such as thymine DNA glycosylase PMID: 20428781
    30. Studies lead to the characterization of a small structural domain in the TDG N-terminal region preceding the catalytic core and coinciding with the region of functional regulation of TDG's activities. PMID: 18512959
    31. the TDG-NCoA-3 interaction is important for broad range activation of steroid hormone nuclear receptors PMID: 19652917
    32. role in removing thymine produced by deamination of 5-methylcytosine and not removal of ethenocytosine PMID: 12493755
    33. Xeroderma pigmentosum group C protein interacts physically and functionally with this enzyme PMID: 12505994
    34. thymine-DNA glycosylase potentiates transcription of estrogen-regulated genes through direct interaction with estrogen receptor alpha PMID: 12874288
    35. Polymorphisms in thymine DNA Glycosylase is associated with lung Neoplasms PMID: 15225156
    36. unique range of each TDG activity corresponding to the three fractions indicates that human cells possibly express three distinct TDGs PMID: 15668625
    37. Upon DNA interaction, TDG undergoes a dramatic conformational change, which involves its flexible N-terminal domain and accounts for its nonspecific DNA binding ability during base excision repair. PMID: 15823533
    38. structure of the central region of human TDG conjugated to SUMO-1 at 2.1 A resolution PMID: 15959518
    39. Results describe the crystal structure of the central region of thymine-DNA glycosylase conjugated to SUMO-3. PMID: 16626738
    40. A novel missense variant A196G was found in familial colorectal cancer DNA suggesting a limited role for this gene in the devlopment of CRC. PMID: 17029639
    41. TDG sumoylation promotes intramolecular interactions with amino- and carboxy-terminal SUMO-1 binding motifs that dramatically alter the biochemical properties and subcellular localization of TDG PMID: 17060459
    42. The ability of human thymine-DNA glycosylase (TDG) to excise 8-(hydroxymethyl)-3,N(4)-ethenocytosine (8-hm-varepsilonC) and 3,N(4)-ethanocytosine (EC) was investigated and compared with varepsilonC, a known substrate for TDG. PMID: 17270163
    43. analysis of 5-halogenated uracils in human thymine DNA glycosylase PMID: 17602166
    44. Thymine DNA glycosylase activity is significantly stimulated by hHus1, hRad1, hRad9 separately, and by the 9-1-1 complex. PMID: 17855402
    45. Expression of exogenous enzyme can functionally compensate for lower repair activities of damaged DNA in a myeloma cell line. PMID: 17965616
    46. A crystal structure of hTDG (catalytic domain, hTDG(cat)) in complex with abasic DNA, at 2.8 A resolution, is reported. PMID: 18587051
    47. Apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 actively stimulates thymine DNA glycosylase by disrupting the product complex PMID: 18805789
    48. These observations suggest that TDG modulates the biological function of p53 and other members of the p53 family as a transcriptional coactivator. PMID: 18951877
    49. There was a 1.198-fold increased micronucleus frequency for individuals carrying TDG 199Gly/Ser + Ser/Ser genotypes compared with those carrying Gly/Gly genotype (P < 0.05) for exposure to vinyl chloride. PMID: 19369898
    50. excision of DNA-incorporated 5-FU by TDG generates persistent DNA strand breaks, delays S-phase progression, and activates DNA damage signaling PMID: 19402749

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  • 亞細胞定位：
    Nucleus.
  • 蛋白家族：
    Uracil-DNA glycosylase (UDG) superfamily, TDG/mug family
  • 數(shù)據(jù)庫鏈接：

    HGNC: 11700

    OMIM: 601423

    KEGG: hsa:6996

    STRING: 9606.ENSP00000376611

    UniGene: Hs.584809