Metastasis suppressor protein in malignant melanomas and in some breast cancers. May regulate events downstream of cell-matrix adhesion, perhaps involving cytoskeletal reorganization. Generates a C-terminally amidated peptide, metastin which functions as the endogenous ligand of the G-protein coupled receptor GPR54. Activation of the receptor inhibits cell proliferation and cell migration, key characteristics of tumor metastasis. Kp-10 is a decapeptide derived from the primary translation product, isolated in conditioned medium of first trimester trophoblast. Kp-10, but not other kisspeptins, increased intracellular Ca(2+) levels in isolated first trimester trophoblasts. Kp-10 is a paracrine/endocrine regulator in fine-tuning trophoblast invasion generated by the trophoblast itself. The receptor is also essential for normal gonadotropin-released hormone physiology and for puberty. The hypothalamic KiSS1/GPR54 system is a pivotal factor in central regulation of the gonadotropic axis at puberty and in adulthood.

1. Expression levels of MACC1, CD44, Twist1, and KiSS-1 are related to duration of overall survival among patients with colonic adenocarcinoma. PMID: 30021598
2. Data suggest KISS1 as a great candidate for Cervical cancer (CC) molecular markers or as a therapeutic target for CC. Also, HPV presence does not seem to alter the KISS1 expression in CC PMID: 29914007
3. KiSS-1 metastasis-suppressor protein (KISS1) expression promotes secretion of proangiogenic biomarkers and factors modulating anti-cancer immune responses. PMID: 29269086
4. The genetic variation of KISS1 gene may be a factor contributing to polycystic ovary syndrome development. PMID: 29848339
5. Kisspeptin and spexin serum levels in women were negatively correlated with obesity and insulin resistance. PMID: 29137471
6. Data suggest that women with PCOS (polycystic ovary syndrome) exhibit increased serum kisspeptin-1 levels. PMID: 28933574
7. Our studies revealed that KISS1 inhibits glycolysis and carbon sources for endogenous fatty acid oxidation (FAO). PMID: 28597070
8. KiSS1 gene is a novel mediator of TGFbeta-mediated cell invasion in triple negative breast cancer. PMID: 28988968
9. Kisspeptin signaling modulates steroid biosynthesis in Leydig cells. Kisspeptin produced by the interstitium targets spermatogonia and sperm cells to affect spermatogenesis onset/progression and sperm functions, respectively. PMID: 28878091
10. Kisspeptin inhibited tumor growth through an EIF2AK2dependent mechanism, and an in vivo metastasis assay identified kisspeptinactivated EIF2AK2 signaling as critical for the suppression of distant metastasis. PMID: 28944853
11. kisspeptin surge in serum and urine may be used as a marker for dominant follicle development and pre-ovulation. PMID: 28266227
12. High plasma kisspeptin-1 is associated with premature thelarche. PMID: 28422705
13. expression appears to be up-regulated in adenomyotic as compared with eutopic glandular endometrium of patients with, as well as women without, adenomyosis PMID: 27940396
14. Data suggest that subjects with anorexia nervosa display broad spectrum of physical activity (2479-26,047 steps/day) which shows a negative correlation with plasma kisspeptin levels and a positive association with plasma ghrelin levels. PMID: 27693487
15. Kisspeptin-10 may contribute to accelerate the progression and instability of atheromatous plaques, leading to plaque rupture. The GPR54 antagonist may be useful for prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis. PMID: 28411243
16. Kiss-10 levels are significantly altered by malignancy and tumour subtypes even in patients with small renal tumours PMID: 28095383
17. Study compared kisspeptin-54 and kisspeptin-10 to gain an insight into why KP-54 elicits more sustained responses than KP-10 after systemic delivery PMID: 28464043
18. we conclude that KISS-1 can inhibit the proliferation of osteosarcoma in vitro by accelerating the processes of apoptosis and autophagy. PMID: 28075440
19. These findings suggest that infundibular kisspeptin neurons are sensitive to circulating sex steroid hormones throughout life and that the sex reversal observed in MTF transsexuals might reflect, at least partially, an atypical brain sexual differentiation. PMID: 27046106
20. Patients with ovarian epithelial cancer and low KISS1 mRNA expression had shorter survival time than those with high expression (P = 0.001).Preoperative KISS1 mRNA was a potential prognostic biomarker for EOC, and high preoperative KISS1 expression indicated a favorable prognosis. PMID: 27861355
21. Lower expression of KiSS1 was observed in metastatic Breast Cancer. PMID: 27221854
22. There is an increasing appreciation that kisspeptin may act as a signal transmitter between metabolic status and reproductive function PMID: 26605678
23. In human cumulus GCs, kiss1r mRNA levels were positively correlated with age but not with BMI. There was no expression of kiss1 mRNA in either cumulus or mural GCs PMID: 26879207
24. There was a statistically significant increase in serum kisspeptin levels from the early follicular to the preovulatory phase, and from the preovulatory to the luteal phase. PMID: 25968289
25. Overexpression of KiSS-1 suppressed the invasiveness of CRC cells, and the gene exerted its function by reducing the expression of MMP-9 via blocking of tge PI3K/Akt/NF-kappaB pathway. PMID: 26847533
26. kisspeptins play essential roles in reproduction [review] PMID: 26702158
27. Increased placental kisspeptin expression is consistent with reduced trophoblast invasiveness and may represent a molecular mechanism that explains the development of preeclampsia. Decreased circulating kisspeptin concentration has the potential to be utilised as a marker for placental dysfunction. PMID: 26955777
28. Data suggest that plasma kisspeptin and serum prolactin levels may be involved in the physiopathology of breast enlargement in newborns. PMID: 26831552
29. KISS1 Low Expression Correlates with Colorectal Liver Metastasis. PMID: 26471489
30. KiSS1 is a metastasis suppressor gene of pancreatic cancer, and this suppression is not dependent on the expression levels of GPR54. PMID: 26572251
31. confirmed that mutations in KISS1 and KISS1R are not a common cause for ICPP PMID: 23950571
32. KiSS-1 downregulation may play a role in tumor progression and metastasis of oral squamous cell carcinoma, and may be a reliable biomarker for predicting clinical outcome in this disease. PMID: 26809635
33. These findings are of tremendous significance and will greatly shape how KISS1 will be developed as a therapeutic agent in augmenting the reproductive potential of both women and important livestock species--{REVIEW} PMID: 26183891
34. On D4 of pregnancy, the Kiss 1 null uterus expresses functional KISS1R molecules. PMID: 26384646
35. Metastin levels were higher in women with polycystic ovary syndrome as compared to controls regardless of BMI. PMID: 25020276
36. Metastin expression is induced in ESCs through decidualization. PMID: 24908069
37. Present data do not confirm the protective role of KiSS1/KiSS1R in breast cancer progression, but our results do support the hypothesis that KiSS1/KiSS1R system is activated even in primary breast cancer and sustained during invasion to local lymph nodes. PMID: 25535062
38. rs5780218 polymorphism individually confers susceptibility for development of breast cancer in Mexican population. PMID: 25810563
39. The results suggest that mutations in the coding sequence of KISS1 are not common in patients with IHH in this Chinese population. PMID: 25783047
40. A number of mutations in KISS1 KISS1R are associated with central precocious puberty and isolated hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. (Review) PMID: 26510589
41. Colocalization experiments provided evidence for the presence of cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART) in KP-immunoreactive (IR) and perikarya and in KP-IR and NKB-IR axon varicosities. PMID: 25084101
42. The genetic variations of KISS1 gene can be contributing factors of development of CPP. PMID: 25120323
43. Serum kisspeptin levels were significantly lower in all infertile males as compared to the fertile males. PMID: 25556380
44. KISS1 expression in the primary site of colorectal cancer could become a useful marker, with its increased levels indicating an advanced disease and a worse prognosis. PMID: 26010933
45. Kiss-1 may be a putative metastasis suppressor molecule in human colorectal cancer. PMID: 25260785
46. These data demonstrated that upregulated UHRF1 increases bladder cancer cell invasion by epigenetic silencing of KiSS1. PMID: 25272010
47. Suggest that KISS1 is down-regulated in cancer tissues via promoter hypermethylation. PMID: 25110434
48. KiSS-1, might be an important biological marker involved in the carcinogenesis, metastasis, and invasion of gallbladder adenocarcinoma. PMID: 25688501
49. Kisspeptin effect on endothelial monocyte activating polypeptide II (EMAP-II)-associated lymphocyte cell death and metastases in colorectal cancer patients PMID: 24395571
50. Decreased expression of KISS1R seems to attenuate signaling of the KISS1/KISS1R system, possibly leading to tumor growth PMID: 25667462

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Secreted.

KISS1 family

Very high expression in placenta, with the next highest level in testis and moderate levels in pancreas, liver, small intestine and brain at much lower levels. Expression levels increased in both early placentas and molar pregnancies and are reduced in ch

HGNC: 6341

OMIM: 603286

KEGG: hsa:3814

STRING: 9606.ENSP00000356162

UniGene: Hs.95008