Cell surface proteoglycan that bears heparan sulfate. Binds, via the heparan sulfate side chains, alpha-4 (V) collagen and participates in Schwann cell myelination. May act as a catalyst in increasing the rate of conversion of prion protein PRPN(C) to PRNP(Sc) via associating (via the heparan sulfate side chains) with both forms of PRPN, targeting them to lipid rafts and facilitating their interaction. Required for proper skeletal muscle differentiation by sequestering FGF2 in lipid rafts preventing its binding to receptors (FGFRs) and inhibiting the FGF-mediated signaling.

1. High GPC1 expression is associated with uterine cervical cancer. PMID: 29055044
2. The results demonstrated that the GPC1 gene was re-expressed in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) mainly due to promoter hypomethylation, even for early-stage PDAC. High levels of GPC1 were associated with poorer pathological differentiation and worse biological behaviors. GPC1 could serve as an independent unfavorable prognostic factor in PDAC. PMID: 28440066
3. Glypican-1 was validated as a novel substrate for ADAM17, with important function in adhesion, proliferation and migration of carcinoma cells. PMID: 27576135
4. Exosomal miR signature is superior to exosomal GPC1 or plasma CA 19-9 levels in establishing a diagnosis of pancreatic ductal carcinoma and differentiating between PDAC and chronic pancreatitis. PMID: 28232049
5. The role of glypican-1 in mediating the eNOS activation under shear stress might involve in protecting the endothelial function against disturbed flow. PMID: 27688027
6. independent case-control study implicated that common SNPs in GPC1 gene contributed to biliary atresia susceptibility in Chinese population PMID: 27373597
7. The C terminus is shown to be highly flexible in solution, but it orients the core protein transverse to the membrane, directing a surface evolutionarily conserved in Gpc1 orthologs toward the membrane, where it may interact with signaling molecules PMID: 26203194
8. differences in expression among different subtypes of ameloblastomas PMID: 25046223
9. GPC1(+) crExos were detected in the serum of patients with pancreatic cancer with absolute specificity and sensitivity, distinguishing healthy subjects and patients with a benign pancreatic disease in patients with early-and late-stage pancreatic cancer. PMID: 26106858
10. GPC1 and FGFR1 are targets for regulation of their gene expression by miR-149. PMID: 24463821
11. DNA from 4 HPV positive and 4 HPV negative fresh frozen primary HNSCC were subject to comprehensive genome-wide methylation profiling.Pathway analysis of 1168 methylated genes showed 8 signal transduction pathways (GPC1) of which 62% are hypermethylated. PMID: 23736812
12. Crystal structure of N-glycosylated human glypican-1 core protein shows the structure of two loops evolutionarily conserved in vertebrate glypican-1 PMID: 22351761
13. High glucose can decrease the expression of core protein Sydecan-1 and Glypican-1 in cultured human renal glomerular endothelial cells. PMID: 21265098
14. Mutagenesis and enzymatic cleavage indicated that the potential N-glycosylation sites are invariably occupied. PMID: 21932778
15. The N-unsubstituted glucosamine residues are formed during biosynthesis of glypican-1 and the content increased upon inhibition of polyamine synthesis. PMID: 19479373
16. Augmented synthesis and differential localization of heparan sulfate proteoglycans in Duchenne muscular dystrophy. PMID: 11968010
17. S-nitrosylation and Copper-dependent autocleavage of glypican 1 PMID: 12084716
18. inhibition of Gpc-1 expression abrogates spermine uptake and intracellular delivery; ascorbate released NO, which degraded heparan sulfate side chains and liberated the bound spermine PMID: 12972423
19. glypican-1 is required for efficient TGF-beta1 signaling in pancreatic cancer cells PMID: 15249209
20. syndecan-1 and glypican-1 have roles in progression of ovarian cancer PMID: 15297422
21. glypican 1 (GPC1) is deleted in both reported patients suffering from Albright hereditary osteodystrophy-like (AHO-like) syndrome PMID: 15547662
22. Enhanced GPC1 expression correlates with BMP and activin receptors in pancreatic cancer. PMID: 17016645
23. cancer cell- and host-derived GPC1 are crucial for full mitogenic, angiogenic, and metastatic potential of cancer cells PMID: 18064304
24. Glypican-3 can be especially useful in the identification of poorly differentiated hepatocellular carcinoma. PMID: 18536657
25. study concludes that Abeta can modulate the cellular expression of agrin and glypican-1, which may contribute to the accumulation of these heparan sulfate proteoglycans in Alzheimer's disease lesions PMID: 19166823

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Cell membrane; Lipid-anchor, GPI-anchor; Extracellular side. Endosome. Note=S-nitrosylated form recycled in endosomes. Localizes to CAV1-containing vesicles close to the cell surface. Cleavage of heparan sulfate side chains takes place mainly in late endosomes. Associates with both forms of PRNP in lipid rafts. Colocalizes with APP in perinuclear compartments and with CP in intracellular compartments. Associates with fibrillar APP amyloid-beta peptides in lipid rafts in Alzheimer disease brains.; [Secreted glypican-1]: Secreted, extracellular space.

Glypican family

HGNC: 4449

OMIM: 600395

KEGG: hsa:2817

STRING: 9606.ENSP00000264039

UniGene: Hs.328232