免疫檢查點(diǎn)是調(diào)節(jié)T細(xì)胞活性的分子，在免疫調(diào)控中扮演著關(guān)鍵角色。然而，一些腫瘤細(xì)胞可以利用這些點(diǎn)位來(lái)逃避免疫系統(tǒng)的攻擊，導(dǎo)致腫瘤的生長(zhǎng)和擴(kuò)散。近年來(lái)，靶向免疫檢查點(diǎn)分子的免疫治療成為癌癥和其他免疫相關(guān)疾病治療領(lǐng)域的重要突破。通過(guò)抑制免疫檢查點(diǎn)蛋白的功能，可以解除免疫耐受狀態(tài)，并激活被抑制的免疫反應(yīng)。這種策略已經(jīng)顯示出顯著的臨床療效，尤其是在惡性腫瘤的治療中。
然而，免疫檢查點(diǎn)療法充滿挑戰(zhàn)。在免疫治療中，個(gè)體之間對(duì)免疫檢查點(diǎn)抑制劑的響應(yīng)存在巨大差異，且不同腫瘤類型和免疫環(huán)境也會(huì)影響治療效果。此外，持久的免疫激活也可能導(dǎo)致自身免疫性副作用。因此，深入了解免疫檢查點(diǎn)的作用機(jī)制、信號(hào)通路和調(diào)控網(wǎng)絡(luò)，以及與腫瘤免疫逃逸相關(guān)的分子機(jī)制，對(duì)于優(yōu)化免疫治療策略和開(kāi)發(fā)新的治療藥物具有重要意義。
CUSABIO致力于為研究人員提供高精確性、高靈敏度的免疫檢查點(diǎn)ELISA試劑盒，涵蓋PD-L1（CD274）、CTLA4、CD70、CD40、HAVCR2、Tnfrsf4等多種關(guān)鍵免疫檢查點(diǎn)分子。每個(gè)試劑盒都經(jīng)過(guò)嚴(yán)格的驗(yàn)證和測(cè)試，滿足多種檢測(cè)樣本，幫助您準(zhǔn)確測(cè)量免疫檢查點(diǎn)相關(guān)蛋白的表達(dá)水平，從而更好地了解免疫調(diào)節(jié)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的功能和機(jī)制，助力您在腫瘤免疫治療領(lǐng)域取得更多突破性進(jìn)展。
1. 免疫檢查點(diǎn)定義
免疫檢查點(diǎn)（Immune checkpoints）是一類通過(guò)調(diào)節(jié)和控制免疫應(yīng)答，幫助維持免疫系統(tǒng)的平衡的配體-受體對(duì)。它們可以調(diào)節(jié)免疫激活程度，確保免疫系統(tǒng)對(duì)外界刺激做出適當(dāng)?shù)姆磻?yīng)，避免過(guò)度活化引起對(duì)自身正常細(xì)胞的無(wú)差別攻擊，保護(hù)正常組織免受損傷。
2. 免疫檢查點(diǎn)類型
免疫檢查點(diǎn)包括兩種類型：激活性免疫檢查點(diǎn)和抑制性免疫檢查點(diǎn)。
（1）激活性免疫檢查點(diǎn)：這類檢查點(diǎn)可以增強(qiáng)免疫細(xì)胞的活性，促進(jìn)免疫應(yīng)答。例如，4-1BB（CD137）、CD28、ICOS等激活性免疫檢查點(diǎn)可以增強(qiáng)T細(xì)胞的活性，幫助其殺傷腫瘤細(xì)胞。
（2）抑制性免疫檢查點(diǎn)：這類檢查點(diǎn)可以抑制免疫細(xì)胞的活性，阻礙免疫應(yīng)答。例如，CTLA-4、PD-1、TIGIT、BTLA等抑制性免疫檢查點(diǎn)可以抑制T細(xì)胞的活性，降低對(duì)腫瘤細(xì)胞的攻擊能力。
然而，科學(xué)家研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，許多癌細(xì)胞發(fā)展出了能夠讓它們逃避免疫系統(tǒng)攻擊的檢查點(diǎn)，抑制T細(xì)胞的免疫應(yīng)答。針對(duì)這一理論，免疫檢查點(diǎn)療法（immune checkpoint therapy）開(kāi)始受到關(guān)注，即通過(guò)調(diào)節(jié)免疫檢查點(diǎn)分子來(lái)增強(qiáng)免疫系統(tǒng)對(duì)癌細(xì)胞的攻擊能力的療法，免疫檢查點(diǎn)也因其免疫逃逸中的獨(dú)特作用而成為癌癥免疫治療的主要靶標(biāo)。
3. 免疫檢查點(diǎn)抑制劑
靶向免疫檢查點(diǎn)的藥物主要分為抑制劑和激活劑，雖然激活劑目前還處于臨床研究階段，但抑制劑賽道已經(jīng)群星閃耀。
免疫檢查點(diǎn)抑制劑（immune checkpoint inhibitors，ICIs）是一類癌癥免疫療法藥物，通過(guò)靶向 T 淋巴細(xì)胞表面的免疫受體，來(lái)增強(qiáng)抗癌免疫反應(yīng)。其中，最熱門的代表藥物當(dāng)屬PD-1/PD-L1抑制劑，其主要原理是通過(guò)阻斷PD-1受體和PD-L1、PD-L2配體之間的結(jié)合，解除PD-1通路介導(dǎo)的免疫應(yīng)答抑制，恢復(fù)T細(xì)胞的活化狀態(tài)，從而增強(qiáng)免疫系統(tǒng)對(duì)腫瘤細(xì)胞的攻擊能力。迄今為止已有多個(gè)PD-1/PD-L1抗體藥上市，如Nivolumab（納武利尤單抗）、Pembrolizumab（帕博利珠單抗）、Atezolizumab（阿替利珠單抗）、Avelumab（阿維魯單抗）等，成為近年來(lái)備受關(guān)注的明星產(chǎn)品。
獲得更多關(guān)于免疫檢查點(diǎn)詳情請(qǐng)點(diǎn)擊：https://www.cusabio.com/c-20762.html
4. CUSABIO的免疫檢查點(diǎn)ELISA試劑盒
4.1 免疫檢查點(diǎn)科研用ELISA試劑盒產(chǎn)品列表
| 貨號(hào) | 產(chǎn)品名稱 | 檢測(cè)范圍 | 靶點(diǎn) |
|---|---|---|---|
| CSB-EL002961HU | Human Platelet receptor Gi24(C10orf54) ELISA kit | 0.156 ng/mL-10 ng/mL | C10orf54 |
| CSB-EL004881HU | Human CD160 antigen(CD160) ELISA kit | 0.625 ng/mL-40 ng/mL | CD160 |
| CSB-EL004895RA | Rat OX-2 membrane glycoprotein(CD200) ELISA kit | 47 pg/mL-3000 pg/mL | CD200 |
| CSB-EL004901HU | Human CD226 antigen(CD226) ELISA kit | 0.9 ng/mL-60 ng/mL | CD226 |
| CSB-E13644h | Human Programmed Death Ligand-1(PD-L1/CD274) ELISA Kit | 15.6 pg/mL-1000 pg/mL | CD274 |
| CSB-EL004911MO | Mouse Programmed cell death 1 ligand 1(CD274) ELISA kit | 31.25 pg/mL-2000 pg/mL | CD274 |
| CSB-E14285h | Human Soluble CD276,sCD276/sB7-H3 ELISA Kit | 3.12 ng/mL-200 ng/mL | CD276 |
| CSB-EL004936MO | Mouse Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 5(CD40) ELISA kit | / | CD40 |
| CSB-E04716h | Human Soluble Cluster of differentiation 40 ligand,sCD40L ELISA Kit | 0.312 ng/mL-20 ng/mL | CD40LG |
| CSB-E04717m | Mouse Soluble Cluster of differentiation 40 ligand,sCD40L ELISA Kit | 0.47 ng/mL-30 ng/mL | CD40LG |
| CSB-E07395r | Rat Soluble Cluster of differentiation 40 ligand,sCD40L ELISA Kit | 1.87 ng/mL-120 ng/mL | CD40LG |
| CSB-E11846h | Human cluster Of differentiation,CD44 ELISA Kit | 78 pg/mL-5000 pg/mL | CD44 |
| CSB-EL004940HU | Human Leukocyte surface antigen CD47(CD47) ELISA kit | 3.12 pg/mL-200 pg/mL | CD47 |
| CSB-EL004940MO | Mouse Leukocyte surface antigen CD47(CD47) ELISA kit | 15.6 pg/mL-1000 pg/mL | CD47 |
| CSB-EL004941MO | Mouse CD48 antigen(CD48) ELISA kit | / | CD48 |
| CSB-EL004954HU | Human CD70 antigen(CD70) ELISA kit | 0.156 ng/mL-10 ng/mL | CD70 |
| CSB-EL004954MO | Mouse CD70 antigen(CD70) ELISA kit | / | CD70 |
| CSB-EL004959MO | Mouse T-lymphocyte activation antigen CD80(CD80) ELISA kit | 15.6 pg/mL-1000 pg/mL | CD80 |
| CSB-E15768h | Human Soluble Cluster of Differentiation 80 (sCD80) ELISA Kit | 125 pg/mL-8000 pg/mL | CD80 |
| CSB-E08542h | Human soluble Cluster of differentiation 86,sCD86 ELISA Kit | 0.312 ng/mL-20 ng/mL | CD86 |
| CSB-EL004971HU | Human T-cell surface protein tactile(CD96) ELISA kit | 0.156 ng/mL-10 ng/mL | CD96 |
| CSB-E09171h | Human cytotoxic T lymphocyte associated antigen 4,CTLA-4 ELISA Kit | 125 pg/mL-8000 pg/mL | CTLA4 |
| CSB-E13637m | Mouse cytotoxic T lymphocyte associated antigen 4,CTLA-4 ELISA Kit | 0.312 ng/mL-20 ng/mL | CTLA4 |
| CSB-EL010145HU | Human Hepatitis A virus cellular receptor 2(HAVCR2) ELISA kit | 47 pg/mL-3000 pg/mL | HAVCR2 |
| CSB-E09966h | Human indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase,IDO ELISA Kit | 0.78 ng/mL-50 ng/mL | IDO1 |
| CSB-E13583r | Rat Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase,IDO ELISA Kit | 31.25 pg/mL-2000 pg/mL | IDO1 |
| CSB-EL010996MO | Mouse Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1(IDO1) ELISA kit | 62.5 pg/mL-4000 pg/mL | IDO1 |
| CSB-EL012719HU | Human Lymphocyte activation gene 3 protein(LAG3) ELISA kit | 0.156 ng/mL-10 ng/mL | LAG3 |
| CSB-EL012719MO | Mouse Lymphocyte activation gene 3 protein(LAG3) ELISA kit | 1.25 ng/mL-80 ng/mL | LAG3 |
| CSB-EL012895HU | Human Galectin-9(LGALS9) ELISA kit | 31.25 pg/mL-2000 pg/mL | LGALS9 |
| CSB-EL012895MO | Mouse Galectin-9(LGALS9) ELISA kit | 15.6 pg/mL-1000 pg/mL | LGALS9 |
| CSB-EL019093HU | Human Poliovirus receptor(PVR) ELISA kit | 7.8 ng/mL-500 ng/mL | PVR |
| CSB-EL021334HU | Human Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type substrate 1(SIRPA) ELISA kit | 0.156 ng/mL-10 ng/mL | SIRPA |
| CSB-EL023980HU | Human Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 25(TNFRSF25) ELISA kit | 0.24 ng/mL-15 ng/mL | TNFRSF25 |
| CSB-EL023984HU | Human Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 9(TNFRSF9) ELISA kit | 7.8 pg/mL-500 pg/mL | TNFRSF9 |
| CSB-EL023984MO | Mouse Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 9(TNFRSF9) ELISA kit | / | TNFRSF9 |
| CSB-EL023991HU | Human Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 14(TNFSF14) ELISA kit | 0.156 ng/mL-10 ng/mL | TNFSF14 |
| CSB-EL023991MO | Mouse Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 14(TNFSF14) ELISA kit | 25 pg/mL-1600 pg/mL | TNFSF14 |
| CSB-EL023991RA | Rat tumor necrosis factor (ligand) superfamily, member 14 (TNFSF14) ELISA kit | 15.6 pg/mL-1000 pg/mL | TNFSF14 |
| CSB-E15770h | Human tumor necrosis factor superfamily 15 (TL1A/TNFSF15) ELISA Kit | 0.78 ng/mL-50 ng/mL | TNFSF15 |
| CSB-E16311m | Mouse tumor necrosis factor-like ligand 1 (TL1) ELISA kit | 62.5 pg/mL-4000 pg/mL | TNFSF15 |
| CSB-EL023992RA | Rat Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 15(TNFSF15) ELISA kit | 25 pg/mL-1600 pg/mL | TNFSF15 |
| CSB-EL023993HU | Human Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 18(TNFSF18) ELISA kit | / | TNFSF18 |
| CSB-E12752h | Human soluble OX40L (sOX40L) ELISA kit | 0.156 ng/mL-10 ng/mL | TNFSF4 |
| CSB-EL023994MO | Mouse Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 4(TNFSF4) ELISA kit | 15.6pg/mL-1000pg/mL | TNFSF4 |
| CSB-E15013h | Human B7-H4 ELISA Kit | 7.8 ng/mL-500 ng/mL | VTCN1 |
4.2 CUSABIO提供的免疫檢查點(diǎn)其他相關(guān)資源
其他相關(guān)產(chǎn)品：
關(guān)鍵免疫檢查點(diǎn)分子前沿進(jìn)展匯總：
TNFRSF9：它是重要的激活型免疫檢查點(diǎn)分子，腫瘤治療未來(lái)之星
